Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan Sign Mecca Joint Defence Agreement
The Mecca Joint Defence Agreement has been signed by Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Pakistan, marking a shift towards greater regional ownership of security. The agreement establishes a collective-defence framework, reflecting growing uncertainty over the U.S.'s future security role in the Middle East. However, some experts argue that the pact's broad scope may limit its strategic coherence, and it is not primarily an anti-Iran alliance.5 sourcesSee all sources












